Physical Examination
The urologist examines the abdomen, kidney and bladder area, as well as the penis, scrotum, and testicles. Because of its importance, digital rectal examination and prostate examination come to the fore. This is a painless test that takes a few seconds. Digital rectal examination alone is not useful for detecting prostate cancer at an early stage. But together with the PSA it offers very reliable information.
Urological Ultrasound
It is useful in voiding discomfort or other clinical conditions that trigger it. There are different methods such as transrectal ultrasound of the prostate, which makes it possible to perform a prostate biopsy if there are signs of prostate cancer, or testicular ultrasound if testicular tumours are suspected.
Urine Flow Measurement
The patient should urinate in a portable toilet to measure the amount of urine excreted during urination, the duration of urination, the peak of the maximum voided flow delivered, and the mean value of the urinary flow. With this test, the urologist can suspect an obstruction in the exit of urine from the bladder or a weakness in the contraction of the bladder muscle.
Analysis
It is done to detect if there is blood in the urine or more serious pathologies such as urinary infections or a kidney or bladder tumour. It is very important to identify PSA, a protein produced by the epithelial cells of the prostate that increases its level in the blood when prostate tumour cells are present.
